道十一 - Tao Chapter 11

三十辐共一毂 当其无 有车之用

埏埴以为器 当其无 有器之用

凿户牖以为室 当其无 有室之用

故有之以为利 无之以为用

车辐条装到车轮毂上形成完整的轮子，轮毂中空成就了车的作用。 揉和泥土制陶器，陶器中空的地方，才有容器的作用。 开凿门窗建造房屋，正因为房屋内的空间，才有房屋的作用。 所以，物品有形的部分让人能够判断物品的品类和价值，而物品的无形空间才是真正发挥作用的地方。

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The spokes of a wheel are attached to the rim to form a complete wheel, and the hollow space in the rim enables the wheel to function.

Clay is mixed and molded to make pottery, and the hollow spaces in the pottery give it the function of being a container.

Doors and windows are carved out and houses are built, and it is precisely because of the space inside the house that it serves its purpose.

Therefore, the tangible parts of an object allow us to determine its type and value, but it is the intangible space that truly allows the object to fulfill its function.